印度与欧亚两大陆块碰撞时间的厘定:来自锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的证据   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

夏斌  林清茶  张玉泉  梁华英  徐力峰  李建峰  王彦斌 《地质学报》2009,83(3)

通麦地区片麻岩中锆石SHRIMP定年结果表明:①变质锫石和变质复合锆石的新壳U-Pb年龄为42 Ma,属于中始新世.相当于陆陆碰撞的峰期时间,而印度和欧亚两个大陆开始碰撞的时间略早于42 Ma;②变质复合锫石中的老核(继承锆石),有2个点U-Pb年龄为201 Ma,相当于早侏罗世早期,表明通麦片麻岩是沉积岩变质的,其沉积岩的时代不会早于三叠纪;③文章最后对锆石成因类型及意义、片麻岩的时代和印度与欧亚两大陆碰撞的时间等问题进行了讨论.  相似文献   

辽东古元古代造山带花岗片麻岩穹窿:热造山带典型构造样式   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张程  杨洪祥  冯嘉  刘俊来 《岩石学报》2019,35(9):2926-2942

中下地壳的底辟上升是地壳中物质运移和热传递的一种重要机制,由这种机制产生的一系列穹窿构造不仅为揭示区域构造环境和构造演化提供了重要的线索,而且还提供了一个了解地壳深部物质流动的窗口。辽东半岛的古元古代造山带内就发育有这样一套花岗片麻岩穹窿构造,为了深入理解这套花岗片麻岩穹窿的成因以及对造山带演化的影响,本文对其不同构造层次进行了详细的构造特点和变形演化研究。结果显示,典型的花岗片麻岩穹窿可分为三层结构:混合岩化的花岗岩内核、发育顺层韧性剪切带的幔部以及含大型构造透镜体的外壳。其中核部花岗岩塑性流动变形发育,并具有明显的交代现象。顺层韧性剪切带的变形环境由靠近岩体的角闪岩相到远离岩体的低绿片岩相,并且没有明显的退化变质特点,拉伸线理具有统一的NW-SE方向。根据年代学数据与区域构造分析,花岗片麻岩穹窿构造是在区域收缩体制下花岗岩底辟形成的产物,其出现标志着辽东古元古代造山带变为一个由垂向和横向对流作用为主导的热造山带。  相似文献   

冻融循环条件下片麻岩蠕变特性试验研究     

杨秀荣  姜谙男  王善勇  张峰瑞 《岩土力学》2019,40(11):4331-4340

为探讨寒冷地区隧道围岩的长期稳定性,选取吉林省辉白隧道中的片麻岩进行冻融循环条件下的三轴蠕变试验,分析了冻融循环作用对片麻岩蠕变特性的影响机制。试验结果表明：随着冻融次数的增加,片麻岩的蠕变变形量逐渐增加,而蠕变破坏应力、蠕变时长、长期强度均有明显降低的趋势。同时冻融循环温度的幅度对片麻岩的各蠕变参数也有一定影响,表现为冻融循环次数相同时,温度越低,岩样的初始瞬时蠕变越大,而蠕变时长与长期强度越小。同时基于试验结果,利用1stOpt优化软件对Burgers模型参数进行辨识,可得模型理论曲线与试验曲线在蠕变减速段和稳定段吻合较好。最后通过SEM扫描和能谱EDS分析了冻融循环对片麻岩微细观结构的影响机制。岩样在长期荷载作用下的破坏模式均为剪切破坏,随着冻融次数的增加,岩石的破裂程度越来越严重、破坏块度越来越小。研究结果为寒区岩石工程的支护设计和防冻害设计提供了参考和依据。  相似文献   

A late Neoarchaean–early Palaeoproterozoic crustal thickening event in the eastern North China Craton: petrological and geochronological evidence from Eastern Hebei terrane     

Xi Yao 《International Geology Review》2017,59(4):502-522

Determining an age framework for Precambrian crystalline rocks and associated granulite-facies metamorphism of the inner blocks in the North China Craton (NCC) is important for determining the tectonic setting and evolution of the craton during the Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic. The Eastern Hebei terrane (EHT), located in the Eastern Block of the NCC, is composed of tonalitic-trondhjemitic-granodioritic (TTG) gneisses and potassium-rich granitoids, along with rafts of supracrustal rocks that are intruded by basic dikes. TTG gneisses in the EHT yield crystallization ages of 2516–2527 Ma. The oldest age of inherited zircons from a mylonitic TTG gneiss is ~2918 Ma. Granulite-facies supracrustal metamorphic rocks in the Zunhua high-grade meta-greenstone belt indicate an andesitic/basaltic protolith that was formed at ~2498 Ma. A syn-deformational granite in the Jinchangyu greenschist-facies shear zone yields a crystallization age of ~2474 Ma. Metamorphism of the supracrustal rocks and mylonitic greenschist took place at ~2461 and ~2475 Ma, respectively. Rare earth elements (REE) patterns and slightly negative Nb and Ta anomalies indicate that the magmatic precursors of the supracrustal rocks might be derived from partial melting of a sub-arc mantle wedge and metasomatized by fluids derived from a subducting slab. These rocks plot in the island arc basalts (IAB) field on a La/Nb vs. La diagram, further supporting this interpretation. The microstructures of a garnet–two-pyroxene granulite indicate an approximately clockwise P-T path. The crystallization ages of the TTG gneisses represent periods of the major crustal growth in the NCC, and the granulite- and greenschist-facies metamorphism indicates an orogenic event that involved crustal thickening at ~2.47 Ga.  相似文献   

柴北缘欧龙布鲁克地块中元古代晚期麻粒岩相变质作用——来自石榴夕线堇青石片麻岩的岩石学、相平衡模拟和U-Pb年代学的制约     

毛小红  路增龙  张建新  郭祺  武亚威 《岩石矿物学杂志》2024,43(2):219-237

在欧龙布鲁克地块乌兰北部地区察汗河岩群中识别出麻粒岩相石榴夕线堇青石片麻岩,其矿物组合为石榴子石、夕线石、堇青石、黑云母、斜长石、钛铁矿和少量钾长石等。岩相学观察显示,M1阶段矿物组合有斜长石±钾长石+石榴子石+夕线石+石英,M2阶段矿物组合有斜长石±钾长石+石榴子石+夕线石+石英+钛铁矿+黑云母,M3阶段矿物组合有堇青石+黑云母+钛铁矿+石英+石榴子石+斜长石±钾长石。相平衡模拟计算结果显示,该岩石的峰期温压条件为p=0.92～1.08 GPa,峰期温度t>790℃,峰期之后经历升温降压的p-T演化轨迹。锆石和独居石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究获得的变质年龄分别为1 133±14 Ma和1 125±37 Ma, 1 133～1 125 Ma应代表了该期麻粒岩相变质作用的时代。结合区域地质资料和已有的研究成果,我们认为乌兰北部察汗河岩群的石榴夕线堇青石片麻岩可能形成于大洋俯冲作用下的弧或弧后构造环境,乌兰北部的岩浆-变质杂岩带经历了从中元古代晚期-新元古代早期俯冲增生到碰撞造山的演化过程,是全球Rodinia超大陆汇聚过程的响应。  相似文献   

北喜马拉雅错那洞穹隆:片麻岩穹隆新成员与穹隆控矿新命题   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张志  张林奎  李光明  梁维  夏祥标  付建刚  董随亮  马国桃 《地球学报》2017,38(5):754-766

错那洞片麻岩穹隆位于特提斯喜马拉雅南侧,靠近藏南拆离系,是北喜马拉雅片麻岩穹隆带(NHGD)中最新发现的新成员。本文在详实的野外地质调查基础上,首次全面介绍了错那洞片麻岩穹隆的结构组成,同时进行了片麻岩的年代学研究。结果表明,错那洞片麻岩穹隆由核-幔-边三部分组成,核部由花岗片麻岩及淡色花岗岩组成,并可见大量伟晶岩脉穿插;幔部为一套强变质变形的二云母片岩,从内至外具有夕线石+石榴石→蓝晶石+石榴石→十字石+石榴石→石榴石+十字石+堇青石→堇青石+石榴石的变质分带特征;边部主要为浅变质沉积岩系,可见较多因穹隆隆升而形成的A型褶皱。花岗片麻岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(499.7±3.4)Ma(MSWD=0.025),与NHGD其它穹隆核部片麻岩时代基本一致,均为泛非—早古生代造山活动的产物。在本次野外地质调查过程中,在错那洞片麻岩穹隆中发现了矽卡岩型钨锡铍工业矿体以及铜金矿化体,同时在伟晶岩中还存在着大量的绿柱石等宝石矿产,这样的成矿作用与矿化组合在NHGD中尚属首次发现,基于此本文提出了北喜马拉雅片麻岩穹隆控矿新命题。  相似文献   

皖北地区五河杂岩温压结构及年代学研究          下载免费PDF全文

王 娟石永红  宋传中曹 晟 刘 奇 庞晓克 《地质科学》2017,(2):487-505

蚌埠隆起位于华北克拉通南部,胶辽吉造山带的南端,主要由凤阳群和五河杂岩构成。五河杂岩的研究主要集中于年代学以及地球化学领域,其变质P-T 条件和地层剖面等研究相对较弱。本文试图从变质岩石学、构造地质学和锆石年代学角度构建朱顶-石门山一线的地壳剖面。通过大量的P-T 条件评价,确定了朱顶单元、庄子里单元和石门山单元之间的区别和界限,其中朱顶单元温压结果为低压麻粒岩相：T=720 ℃～840 ℃,P=0.90～1.33 GPa;庄子里单元温压结果同为低压麻粒岩相,但温度和压力均低于前者：T=700 ℃～820 ℃,P=0.50～0.90 GPa;石门山单元因岩性限制,仅用白云母Ti温度计拟合计算,结果为低压角闪岩相： T=610 ℃～700 ℃, P=0.30～0.50 GPa。锆石U-Pb 定年获得的变质年龄为2 413±22Ma,与前人研究结果基本一致。此外,庄子里地区岩体和磨盘山岩体的锆石U-Pb 年龄晚于2.5～2.4 Ga,因此应属于后期侵入岩,计算剖面厚度时要考虑岩体厚度的影响。研究区的岩层产状在45°～60°之间,按照两个极端值计算（不考虑岩体厚度）时获得地壳总厚度为16 km,结合3 条糜棱岩带的存在,其应属于中-上地壳的物质组成部分。朱顶-石门山一线的地壳剖面,自南向北,以白石山和磨盘山岩体为界,依次为上地壳、中-上地壳和下地壳,温压条件自南向北呈递增趋势。  相似文献   

Weakening of gneiss surfaces colonized by endolithic lichens in the temperate climate area of northwest Italy          下载免费PDF全文

Sergio E. Favero‐Longo  Edoardo Accattino  Enrica Matteucci  Alessandro Borghi  Rosanna Piervittori 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2015,40(15):2000-2012

A role of lithobionts in geomorphological processes is increasingly argued, but the spatio‐temporal scale of their impact is largely unexplored in many ecosystems. This study first characterizes in the temperate zone (northwest Italy) the relationships between lithobiontic communities including endolithic lichens and the hardness of their siliceous rock substrate (Villarfocchiardo Gneiss). The communities are characterized, on humid and xeric quarry surfaces exposed for decades and natural outcrops exposed for centuries, in terms of lichen and microbial constituents, using a combined morphological and molecular approach, and with regard to their development on and within the gneiss. A lichen species belonging to Acarosporaceae (Polysporina‐Sarcogyne‐Acarospora group, needing taxonomic revision) chasmoendolithically colonizes both the humid and xeric quarry surfaces, on which epilithic cyanobacterial biofilms and epilithic pioneer lichens respectively occur. Light and electron microscopic observations show the development of the endolithic thalli within rock microcracks and the hyphal penetration along crystal boundaries down to depths of 1 to 3 mm, more pronounced within the humid surfaces. Such colonization patterns are likely related to biogeophysical deterioration, while no chemical alteration characterizes minerals contacted by the endolithic lichen. By contrast, on natural outcrops, where the endolithic colonization is negligible, a reddish rind below epilithic lichens indicates chemical weathering processes. Schmidt Hammer measurements highlight that the endolithic lichens deeply affect the hardness of the gneiss (down to ?60% with respect to fresh controls and surfaces only colonized by cyanobacteria), exerting a significantly higher weakening effect with respect to the associated epilithic lithobionts. The phenomenon is more remarkable on humid than on xeric quarry surfaces and natural outcrops, where epilithic lichens are likely involved in long‐term hardening processes supporting surface stabilization. Endolithic lichens are thus active biogeomorphological agents at the upper millimetric layer of siliceous rocks in temperate areas, exerting their weakening action during the early decade‐scaled stages of surface exposure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

辽西地区台子里花岗质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑培玺  金巍  周燕  李建  郑长青 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(3)

辽西地区台子里发育一套花岗质片麻岩和表壳岩捕虏体的岩石组合,原划定为建平群大营子组,近年的研究将建平群大营子组解体为花岗质深成侵入体和层状岩系.台子里花岗质片麻岩与辽西建平大营子地区叶柏寿片麻岩、曹家烧锅片麻岩具有相似特征.通过对台子里花岗质片麻岩的锆石形态分析和LA-ICP-MS准确定年,确定2 522 Ma的岩浆侵位年龄,代表了大营子组底部花岗质片麻岩的侵位时代为太古宙晚期,是辽西地区太古宙重要的岩浆事件,并为本地区新太古代晚期重要陆壳增生事件提供了重要的年代学信息.  相似文献   

SHRIMP Dating and Recrystallization of Metamorphic Zircons from a Granitic Gneiss in the Sulu UHP Terrane   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

LI HongyanInstitute of Mineral Resources  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing  Geosciences Rennes  Universite de Rennes  Rennes Cedex  France 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):146-154

An unusual zircon SHRIMP dating result of a granitic gneiss from the Qinglongshan eclogite-gneiss roadcut section is presented in this paper. The very peculiar and complicated internal structures, as well as the very low Th/U ratios (0.01-0.08) of the zircons indicate that they were formed by metamorphic recrystallization. Strongly in contrast with previously published zircon U-Pb ages of the Dabie-Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks where protolith ages of 600-800 Ma are commonly recorded, only metamorphic age of 218±5 Ma, defined by 18 analytical spots either in rim or in core of zircons, are recorded in this granitic gneiss. This age represents the time of the complete metamorphic recrystallization overprint on primary magmatic zircons. The recrystallization was derived by the UHP metamorphism, and was strengthened by the early stage of retrograde metamorphic fluid activity.  相似文献